Chinese painting is also called traditional Chinese painting. Just as its name implies it is painted with the traditional Chinese painting tools in accordance with the Chinese people’s aesthetic standard. As an important part of traditional Chinese culture and the invaluable treasure of Chinese nation, it has a long history and fine traditions in the field of art in the world. And it has taken a distinctive course or attitude of its own. Here we give an outline of this painting, and take a simple example of drawing Chinese painting.
Characteristics
Unlike the western painting, the traditional Chinese painting has its distinctive characteristics. It does not emphasize one-point perspective and the change of light and colors on objects. It is free in describing the objects, and lay more emphasis on the painter’s sentiment and the overall arrangement of the picture, so this is a good point that “the occidental painting is redivious art, but Chinese painting belongs to expressionist art”.
By means of artistic expression, traditional Chinese painting can be divided into elaborate-style painting, liberal-style painting, and the elaborate-liberal-style painting. The elaborate-style painting is drawn and colored orderly and meticulously with the painting brush, it uses an extremely exquisite brushwork to describe the objects. Comparatively, the liberal-style painting employs free and concise stroke and ink to describe the appearance and spirit of the objects, and express the painter’s sensation. it is highly synoptically,and its connotative artistic conception is not conveyed by the overall, but the partial. Drawing the liberal-style painting, the painter is required to put the painting brush to paper precisely, and his every stroke must be skillfully and with high proficiency to express the spirit of the picture. For the elaborate-liberal-style painting, it is an integrated application on the techniques both of the elaborate-style painting and of the liberal-style painting.
The skill of using strokes and ink is an important part of the formation of Chinese painting. Its strokes are stressed the varieties on thick and thin, swiftness and slowness, with syncopated cadence, turning and breaking, square and round to express the tactile sensation of the objects. In general, Chinese painting uses ink is subtle in the combination of shade and light as entirely shade or light is not good for conveying the spirit of the picture. Its shade part looks wonderful but not mechanical and the light part is delicately beautiful but not gloomy.
Chinese painting is particular in applying colors. Its colors most are from natural mineral materials and the animal shell. They can bear all kinds of weather and not fade, and they are often applied on the picture levelly. This way of applying colors pursues the original colors of the objects, the change of light and shadow is not often appears.
Tools for Chinese Painting
The artistic expression of Chinese painting differs from that of western painting because of its tools for painting. To draw a Chinese painting, the writing brush, ink stick, rice paper, and ink-stone are necessary. Especially for the rice paper ( Xuan paper), it is the best tool for Chinese painting because it has a nice texture to allow the writing brush, wet with Chinese ink and held in a well-trained hand to move freely on it, making strokes varying from shade to light, from real to imaginative.
Materials for Chinese painting
Generally, Chinese painting is drawn on the rice paper. But in the fans, porcelain, bowls and dishes you also find the beautiful Chinese pictures when you shopping in the tourist shopping streets or eating in some special restaurants. Besides, the Chinese pictures are also drawn on the silk, screens, even on many ancient tombs’ walls.
Shapes of Chinese painting
Chinese painting is diverse in its shapes. Except the mural, there are traverse, vertical, square, round, and flat in shapes, it also differs in size and length.
Combination of poem, calligraphy, painting and signet
Chinese painting shows the perfect union of poem, calligraphy, painting and signet. Generally, Many a Chinese painter is a poet as well as a calligrapher. He often adds a poem on it personally and stamps his various signets on the painting after he finishes it. The combination of the four makes the painting look more integrated, perfect and beautiful, which can bring the appreciator an aesthetic pleasure.
Mounting
Mounting a Chinese picture is for keeping and housing for a long time because many a Chinese picture is drawn on the breakable rice paper or painting silk. The traditional Chinese mounting technique is diverse in forms but commonly the picture is backed a piece of paper up, and then purfles it with the ninon, silk or paper. Compared with a not-mounted picture, the mounted picture is more substantial, beautiful, and convenient for collection and appreciation.
Themes
According to the different delineative subject matters, the themes of the traditional Chinese painting can be classified into three branches i.e. human figures, landscapes, and flowers and birds. For example, the painting of ladies; the painting of mountains; the painting of insects and fish belong to the three branches respectively.
RISH Chinese Summer Camp takes this opportunity to introduce this famous Chinese traditional culture to our students.
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